Differences

This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.

--- programming:django [2018/11/26 10:11] – clemix
+++ programming:django [2019/04/24 16:22] (current) – [Static files] clemix
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-== Create a project ==
+==== Create a project ====
 <code bash>
 django-admin startproject mysite
+python manage.py migrate
+</code>
+Create a super user account, which can login via http://localhost:8000/admin
+<code bash>
+python manage.py createsuperuser
 </code>
-== Launch the server ==
+==== Launch the server ====
 <code lang=bash>
 python manage.py runserver
 </code>
-== Create a app inside a project==
+==== Create a app inside a project ====
 Everything are apps. Each app has it's own subfolder. To create a app sceleton run
 <code lang=bash>
@@ Line 15: / Line 22: @@
 </code>
-== Register URL ==
+==== Register URL ====
 In the polls/urls.py file include the following code:
 <code python polls/urls.py>
@@ Line 25: / Line 32: @@
 urlpatterns = [
+    # ex: /polls/
     path('', views.index, name='index'),
+    # ex: /polls/5/
+    path('<int:question_id>/', views.detail, name='detail'),
+    # ex: /polls/5/results/
+    path('<int:question_id>/results/', views.results, name='results'),
+    # ex: /polls/5/vote/
+    path('<int:question_id>/vote/', views.vote, name='vote'),
 ]
+</code>
+The corresponding view looks like this. The name correspond with the method name of views.py.
+<code python polls/views.py>
+from django.shortcuts import render
+from django.http import HttpResponse
+def index(request):
+    return HttpResponse("Hello, world. You're at the polls index.")
+def detail(request, question_id):
+    return HttpResponse("You're looking at question %s." % question_id)
+def results(request, question_id):
+    response = "You're looking at the results of question %s."
+    return HttpResponse(response % question_id)
+def vote(request, question_id):
+    return HttpResponse("You're voting on question %s." % question_id)
 </code>
@@ Line 39: / Line 74: @@
     path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
 ]
-</pyton>
+</code>
+==== Templates ====
+Templates are in the subfolder of the app. e.g. `mysite/polls/templates/*`
+<code html polls/templates/polls/index.html>
+{% if latest_question_list %}
+    <ul>
+    {% for question in latest_question_list %}
+        <li><a href="/polls/{{ question.id }}/">{{ question.question_text }}</a></li>
+    {% endfor %}
+    </ul>
+{% else %}
+    <p>No polls are available.</p>
+{% endif %}
+</code>
+To render such a templates you need to do response the corresponding HttpResponse:
+<code python polls/view.py>
+  latest_question_list = Question.objects.order_by('-pub_date')[:5]
+    template = loader.get_template('polls/index.html')
+    context = {
+        'latest_question_list': latest_question_list,
+    }
+    return HttpResponse(template.render(context, request))
+</code>
+or in short
+<code python polls/view.py>
+from django.shortcuts import render
+def index(request):
+    latest_question_list = Question.objects.order_by('-pub_date')[:5]
+    context = {'latest_question_list': latest_question_list}
+    return render(request, 'polls/index.html', context)
+</code>
+==== Namespace url patterns ====
+Define the namespace by adding `app_name = <namespace>` inside of urls.py.
+<code python polls/urls.py>
+app_name = 'polls'
+urlpatterns = [
+    # ex: /polls/
+    path('<int:question_id>/', views.detail, name ='detail');
+]
+</code>
+Then you need to specfiy the namespace in `{% url %}` of the template like this
+<code html polls/templates/polls/detail.html>
+        <li><a href="{% url 'polls:detail' question.id %}">{{ question.question_text }}</a></li>
+</code>
+==== Static files ====
+Static files can be placed in the `static/` folder of each app.
+Then refere to them inside the template like:
+<code html polls/templates/polls/index.html>
+{% load  static %}
+<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="{% static 'polls/style.css' %}">
+</code>
+Run this command to store static files in proper folder:
+<code bash>
+python manage.py collectstatic
+</code>
+==== django_tables2 ====
+=== Mixedin ===
+<code python>
+class UsefulMixin(tables.Table):
+    age = AgeColumn()
+    options = tables.Column(empty_values=())
+    def render_options(self):
+        return format_html('<button>DELETE</button>')
+#    age = tables.Column()
+class InstanceTable(UsefulMixin, tables.Table):
+    age = AgeColumn()
+    opt = tables.LinkColumn('delete_instance', args=[A('pk')], text='delete')
+    class Meta:
+        model = Instance
+        template_name = 'django_tables2/bootstrap.html'
+</code>
+===  Custom tables.Column ===
+<code python>
+class AgeColumn(tables.Column):
+    def render(self, record):
+        diff = record.age()
+        color = ''
+        if (diff.seconds > 60 * 60 ):
+            color = 'red'
+        else:
+            color = 'green'
+        return format_html('<span style="color:{}">{}</span>',color, diff)
+class InstanceTable(tables.Table):
+    age = AgeColumn()
+    opt = tables.LinkColumn('delete_instance', args=[A('pk')], text='delete')
+    class Meta:
+        model = Instance
+        template_name = 'django_tables2/bootstrap.html'
+</code>
+To make links of a value https://django-tables2.readthedocs.io/en/latest/pages/api-reference.html?highlight=LinkColumn#django_tables2.columns.LinkColumn
+==== Update database ====
+Change the model file accordingly. [[https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/ref/django-admin/#makemigrations|doc:makemigrations]]
+<code bash>
+python manage.py makemigrations
+python manage.py migrate
+</code>
+==== Bootstrap ====
+https://www.w3schools.com/bootstrap/default.asp
+==== Django Rest Framework ====
+https://www.django-rest-framework.org/tutorial/quickstart/